House extension without planning permission: what are the rules?

Basic conditions for extending without a planning permission

There are three primary conditions for extending your house without permission.

Have you or any previous owners extended the house since 1948?

You cannot extend a house without planning permission if it has been extended before, either by you or its previous owners. This rule covers extensions made since the 1st of July 1948.

Is your house listed or on “designated land” (conservation area)?

Listed homes and homes on designated lands (conservation areas, areas of outstanding natural beauty) have either limited or revoked permitted development rights. If your home falls under this category, we definitely recommend getting expert guidance when planning your extension.

Is your property a house or flat?

Only houses are covered by permitted development. Other property types like flats and maisonettes will require you to apply for full planning permission. Also, note that if your house has been converted in the past, it may not be eligible for permitted development rights.

You can discuss your project with a Resi expert to certify its compliance.

Larger home extension scheme

Before it was dissolved in 2020, the larger home extension scheme allowed homeowners to build single storey rear extensions that were larger than permitted development rights allowed. After it was dissolved, its allowances were added to permitted development rights. This meant that homeowners could still build larger extensions, but the way they would go about it now would be slightly different from when the larger home extension scheme existed.

Now, homeowners wishing to build larger extensions can simply apply for prior approval. With prior approval, you can extend a detached home as far as 8m for detached houses and 6m for other types of houses.

Permitted Development Rules for each extension type and renovations

The rules set out in the town and country planning (General Permitted Development Orders) 1995 detail all the changes you can and can not make without planning permission

Here are some of them:

For most extensions

• The extension cannot use more than half of the land surrounding the original building
• An extension cannot be taller than the tallest part of the building itself, neither can its eaves exceed the height of the existing eaves
• You can’t have a forward or side extension on a building that’s too close to the highway
• The height of the extension’s eaves can not exceed 3m once the extension comes within 2m of the boundary
• The extension cannot include verandas, a microwave antenna, a chimney, or any alteration to the roof of the existing house
• The materials used for the extension must be similar to the materials used for the exterior of the actual house

Rules for attached vs detached properties

• Attached properties cannot be extended beyond the rear wall of the original home by more than 3m
• You cannot extend a detached property past the rear wall of the original home by more than 4m

For single storey extensions

• It must not extend past the rear wall by 4m for a detached house and 3m for every other kind of house
• It must not exceed 4 m in height

For two storey extensions

• The extension’s roof pitch must match that of the original house
• First-floor windows of side elevations should be obscure glazed, and non-opening. The only exception to this rule is if the open window is at least 1.7m from the floor

For front extensions

Permitted development allows you to extend the front of your house provided your front extension:

• Is a single storey
• Doesn't front into the road
• Isn't more than 3m out from the original house
• Isn't more than half the width of the original house

For porch extensions

You can build your porch without planning permission provided:

• The porch isn't higher than 3m
• It's at most 2m close to any boundary next to a highway
• The external ground area isn't more than 3m2

For rear extensions

• Single storey rear extensions can be extended as far as 4m for detached houses and 3m for other houses. This can increase to 8m and 6m, respectively, with prior approval
• Double storey rear extensions can go as far as 3m from the original house as long as it’s more than 7m away from the rear wall

For side extensions

• It can only be one storey
• Must not be higher than 4m

For basement conversions

You can convert your basement without seeking permission as long as

• It’s not a separate unit
• You’re not excavating to form a new basement
• The usage is not significantly changed
• The external appearance isn’t altered by the addition of a lightwell

To replace a window

You don’t need planning permission to replace your window as long as the new windows are similar to the ones being replaced.

To knock down internal walls

You probably won’t need planning permission to knock down internal walls as long as your house isn’t listed or in a conservation area.

For a rooflight

For permitted development to cover roof light installation:

• The rooflight must not project past 15cm from the roof’s slope
• It must not extend forward on an elevation fronting a highway
• The property must not be located in a conservation area or an area of outstanding natural beauty
• It must be non-opening or more than 1.7 meters above floor level if placed on a side elevation

For loft conversions

• Cubic content cannot surpass 40m3
• Dormer windows must not sit higher than the highest part of the existing roof
• Dormer windows must not extend forward of the roof plane on the principal elevation

For garage conversions

Most garage conversions fall under permitted development as long as the work is internal and no enlargement is involved. The only exception to this rule is a detached garage. However, if your garage is built after the house, it's worth checking in with your local authority to ensure that your home’s permitted development allocation has not been used up.

For conservatory extensions

Conservatory extensions have the same permitted development criteria as house extensions. They must not be higher than the main house and must not occupy more than half of the surrounding land.

For shed/garden room extensions

Sheds and garden rooms generally qualify as extensions under planning development rights. To build a shed or outbuilding without permission:

• The outbuilding must not sit forward of the principal elevation
• It must be only one storey with a maximum eaves height of 2.5m
• They must not be used or residential accommodation, for example, bedrooms or annexe

For a new fence or wall

You can erect, construct and maintain your fence or wall under permitted development rights if:

• Its height doesn't exceed 1m when adjacent to a highway
• Its height does not exceed 2m for any other fence or wall
• The property isn’t a listed building

For a swimming pool

Permitted development lets you build a swimming pool in your garden as long as it doesn't take up more than half of the garden curtilage.

For solar panels

You can add a solar panel under permitted development provided it does not protrude more than 200mm past the plane of roof or wall, and the highest part of the panel does not surpass the highest part of the roof.

You can book a free consultation to discuss your project with a Resi expert.

An example of a house extension that did not require planning permission

This house extension was created using a loft conversion, which came under the homeowner’s permitted development rights - meaning no planning permission was required! The classic main dormer extension added bags of new space onto the household and includes not only new double bedroom, but an ensuite too.

In designing this house extension, our team used skylights to bring in plenty of natural light, along with a juliet balcony for an extra connection to the outdoors. While other balconies require planning permission, juliet balconies are exempt.

On using Resi, the couple had this to say: “We immediately liked the functionality of the platform. It was brilliant to be able to upload our inspiration ideas. We could brainstorm, but keep everything in one place - no more pieces of lost paper!”

Could missing planning permission affect the 'saleability' of my home?

Missing planning permission may affect the saleability of your home. How? Selling your property without providing the necessary documents could put the new owner at risk, as they will be held accountable for any breach in the law during its construction.

Retrospective planning permission

Although it’s more common to gain planning approval before starting on a project, there are some cases where the project had already begun before approval was sought (it may be that you made these changes without realising that they required planning permission).

In such a situation, retrospective planning permission is required. Retrospective planning permission allows you to file for approval after starting the project.

You should be careful, though, because if your application is not approved, you will be required to return things to the way they were.

Hence it’s always more advisable to apply for planning permission before embarking on the project.

Indemnity insurance

This usually comes up when a seller cannot provide planning permission for the extensions or additions to the home at the point of sale. In cases like this, the buyer will be advised by their conveyance solicitor to get indemnity insurance.

Indemnity insurance protects the buyer from any legal issues that may arise concerning the building’s compliance, for example, building regulations and planning permission.

It’s worth mentioning that while indemnity insurance covers a legal defect with the property, it doesn’t cover repairs, replacements, or installations.

Resi offers an all-in-one solution platform to homeowners wishing to extend or renovate their homes. Our team of experts are equipped to handle everything from planning and permissions to financing solutions.

How to apply for planning permission if you need it:

If you do need planning permission for your extension or renovation project to go ahead, it’ll benefit you to understand how the system works and what documents you’ll need for your project to have the best chance of being improved. For this, you’ll need to submit a full planning application. If you’re new to the process and you’d like some guidance, contact our experienced Planning team for a step-by-step approach to getting your work approved.

Alternatively, if you’re confident to go it alone, you can enlist the help of an architect to create detailed drawings of both your existing property and your proposed plan. The more detailed and explanatory these drawings are, the greater your chance of planning approval will be so it’s in your interest to secure a professional for the job.

Once you have your detailed drawings, contact your Local Planning Authority (LPA). They will be able to advise you on what actions are needed.

Feel free to contact us for more on our financing services.

But in the meantime, you can use our calculator to find out how much your project will cost.